Before we start our project, we take help from different sources like we read the book ‘Management Information System’ sixth edition by James A.O’Bries, and one article of “Wireless Security” and Wireless from DAWN news paper, and Knowledge from our previous semester (IIT), from internet an article on Introduction of Wireless Communication from http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-04262000-15330030/unrestricted/ch1.pdf., and www.itesoftware.com.

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With the expansion of modern technologies, like Computer, Internet, etc great opportunities have become available for people to come closer. In this day and age computer is not limited to one roof. Different people have tried to use the internet for communication in different ways. This facility provides an easy access to knowledge around the world. In new era it is becoming need of every one to access the information not only through Internet but also through mobiles and lot of wireless devices.

In the present century the advancement of technology is at peak. New technologies are introducing day by day. Wireless Communication is the modern shape of physical wire communication Medias.

New inventions of wireless communication devices are occurring day by day. Existing devices are also performing well. In simple words a revolution of wireless communication has starts.

Due to the scope of the wireless communication new companies are entering in the field of wireless communication their main business is not the manufacturing of wireless devices but the companies are taking keen interest in wireless products. The research and development on wireless devices is also at peak. Challenges for the companies are the production of new wireless devices and other challenge is with low prices. We will study later that the Research and Development companies are performing well in producing new wireless technologies at low prices. Security is main problem in wireless communication but now a day wireless communication is going toward secure communication media. With the expansion of internet and mobiles the usage of Wireless Medias has increased. In this way the future of wireless communication is to much bright, and in future each and every thing will be connected with wireless devices or channels. Landing on moon was impossible without wireless. That was wireless communication which makes it easy.

This project is about wireless communication. In this project we are going discuss all about wireless communication. Wireless Communication means the communication or transmission of data through radio waves, microwave, infrared, and visible light pulses to transport digital communications without wires between communication devices. So many technologies are in use to communicate without physical wires. Some major technologies are, Terrestrial Microwave, Communication Satellites, VSAT (very small aperture terminal), Internet Intranet Extranet, Wireless LANs, LEO (Low earth orbit), etc. these technologies are covering different ranges of distances with different frequencies. The wireless communication is the modern method of communication. Its growth is very high. Day by day new devices are introducing in the market. Their distance ranges and data transmission speed and data transmission rate is also increasing. All computer accessories and electronic devices accessories are converting in wireless devices, like wireless keyboard, mouse, flash, remote, Bluetooth and infrared in mobiles and computers, etc. all other electronic and electric devices are in process to convert in wireless devices, like TV, Refrigerator, Microwave oven, tube lights, doorbells, etc.

The major problem in wireless communication is security. The channels of wireless communication are microwaves, radio waves, and infrared. Hackers can easily catch these waves and read information including in these waves. When customers buy products via internet and mobiles, there are so many chances of hacking their credit card numbers, because these numbers go through wireless satellites or wireless boosters. Security has an obvious role to play with regard to m-commerce and the ability to secure transactions. Most people are aware of the need for securing information such as credit card numbers, but the need for security in both the wired and wireless environments is much broader than that.

There is large variety of wireless communication devices available. Numbers of devices are increasing day by day. Wireless manufacturers are spending more and more money on research and development of wireless devices. They are trying to connect each and every electronic and electric device in wireless device.

Technology is the technical means people use to improve their surroundings. It is also knowledge of using tools and machines to do tasks efficiently.

We use technology to control the world in which we live. Technology is people using knowledge, tools, and systems to make their lives easier and better.

People use technology to improve their ability to do Work. Through technology, people communicate better. Technology allows them to make more and better products. Our buildings are better through the use of technology. We travel in more comfort and speed as a result of technology. Yes, technology is every where and can make life better.

Wireless means the communication or transmission of data through radio waves, microwave, infrared, and visible light pulses to transport digital communications without wires between communication devices. Wireless usage is increasing day by day. Now there are so many wireless manufacturers are producing wireless devices, like Sony, Samsung, Ericsson, Nokia, LG, Panasonic, etc. The prices of wireless devices are also reducing day by day. Because there is industrial competition is increasing day by day. The wireless devices are covering different distance ranges, like home usage cardless, long range cardless, infrared and Bluetooth in mobile phones covering different distances with different frequencies, Mobile telecommunication, etc. now a day the best examples of wireless communication are terrestrial microwave, communication satellites cellular and PCS telephone and pager systems, mobile data radio, wireless LANs, and Internet, Intranet, Extranet, Wireless phones like PTCL and World Call wireless, etc.

“The communication and transmission of data through radio waves, wireless satellite, Infrared, or with out physical wires is called Wireless Communication”.

The wireless communication model is more complex because there are more ways in which the connection could be achieved. The model that we will examine at this point in time is one which many, possibly the majority of, connections that take place between the person-in-the-street and some WAP enabled web site will take place over. That is not to say that this is necessarily the best model from any particular point of view, just that many connections will be effected in this manner.

This model is illustrated below:

In this model the remote client is a mobile device, but still dials into an RAS server on some network somewhere. This is likely to be an RAS server hosted and owned by the network provider, and is therefore likely to be on the network provider's own local network. The network provider will typically also host the WAP gateway, and a web server to provide access to the premium rate services that the network provider offers to their members. If access is required to services hosted on another server somewhere across the network, then the WAP gateway will act as a proxy for the client mobile device in establishing the required sessions with the remote host.

From the point of view of security, this scenario has various implications. WTLS is the security protocol that will be used to secure communications to and from the mobile device, but the mobile device's session is necessarily with the WAP gateway rather than the remote host's web server. At the gateway, the secure session terminates and all encrypted material is decrypted. Should there be a requirement for a secure session for communication with the web server, it will be established by the WAP gateway on behalf of the mobile device. The WAP gateway will use TLS to establish such a secure session. While TLS is obviously a robust security protocol, it remains a fact that the secure session is not between the mobile device and the web server. There are actually two secure sessions in play: one between the mobile device and the WAP gateway and the other between the WAP gateway and the web server. This means that there is a security gap, in which the data is not encrypted, at the WAP gateway.

This gap, and the span of control of the host server and network operator are below:

The host server's span of control is severely compromised in comparison to the Internet model. In fact, the host has absolutely no control over the security that exists between the mobile device and the WAP gateway. The host also has limited control over the TLS session between the WAP gateway and the web server, and will be limited to providing security that does not exceed a level determined by the network operator. This may or may not be adequate for the host.

In modern age, wireless is a method of communication that uses low-powered radio waves, microwave, infrared, and visible light pulses to transport digital communications without wires between communication devices or to transmit data between devices. This term refers to communication without cables or cords, chiefly using radio frequency and infrared waves. Now a day every one wants to communicate without physical channels. Wireless communication is the best way to communicate without physical channels. Common uses of wireless communication include the various communications defined by the wireless networking of computers and many other devices like mobiles, Cardless Phones, Bluetooth, etc. Low powered radio waves, such as those used in networking to transmit data between devices, are often unregulated. High powered transmission sources usually require government licenses to broadcast on a specific wavelength. This platform has historically carried voice and has grown into a large industry, carrying many thousands of broadcasts around the world. Radio waves are now increasingly being used by unregulated computers users. An optimal bandwidth route within wireless networks requires the calculation in real-time of the best way to direct traffic. Some major Wireless communication technologies are:

It is also microwave telecommunications medium. Many communications satellites are placed stationary geosynchronous orbits approximately 24,000 miles above the equator. Satellites are powered by solar panels and can transmit microwave signals at a rate of several hundred million bites per second. These satellites are serving as relay stations for communications signals transmitted from earth stations. Earth stations use dish antennas to beam microwave signals to the satellites that amplify and transmit the signals to other earth stations thousands of miles away.

Because this is a small satellite system, so people use it to connect their offices, stores, shops, etc.

These satellites are placed on only 500 miles above the earth. This satellite normally use for cellular phone companies, paging and messaging services to mobile users any where on the globe.

Networking in big and small buildings with wires is too much difficult. Because old buildings have no proper wiring systems. The solution of this problem is installing wireless LAN, with the use of several technologies like infrared, Bluetooth, low and high frequency radio technology.

Wireless access to the internet, intranets, extranets is growing as more Web-enabled information appliances. Some technologies like pagers, PDAs, and other portable communications devices have become very thin clients in wireless networks. The wireless application protocol has encouraged the development of many wireless Web applications and services. The telecommunication industry is working on wireless technologies whose goal is to raise wireless transmission speeds to enable streaming video and multimedia applications on mobile devices.

A typical example of the Internet communication model is shown in the diagram below:

The communication satellites were used initially for voice and video transmission; they are now also used for high speed transmission of large volumes of data. The usage of Wireless communication is rapidly increasing all over the world. Especially mobile phones and internet have introduced wireless communication on large scale. In various areas Cardless phones are very famous wireless communication, where physical phone lines are not available. Now a day Bluetooth and Infrared in mobile phones is also increment in wireless usage. Wireless LANs get familiarity, because this is the simple way to interconnect computers.

Security of applications and computer systems is an issue that, quite rightly, many IT professionals are concerned about. As corporations have utilized technologies, such as remote access, Java and component technologies, and infrastructure advances like the Internet, to facilitate new ways of working, new ways of doing business with clients, partners and suppliers, and even to create entirely new products, services and business models, the need for mechanisms to secure applications, networks and systems has become more and more important.

WAP is another technology that extends the reach of communication networks, provides new opportunities for innovative corporations, and adds to the complexity of the environment within which applications need to be designed, built and deployed. There is a set of concerns over how secure WAP is as a technology, and whether it is robust enough to implement mobile commerce applications, and other applications with stringent security requirements.

Before beginning this investigation of WAP security, it is worth noting that there is no such thing as a secure system. The phrase 'secure system' means one that cannot be compromised or accessed without authorization. Considering that hackers who set out to compromise or penetrate systems are resourceful and always target unexpected aspects of the systems, it would be a brave fool who declared a system to be immune to attack. What can be said is that a particular system meets certain predefined security criteria in that it can withstand attacks of a known type, and is therefore considered secure enough for its intended purpose.

If your interest in this paper is to come out with a definitive statement as to whether WAP is 'secure' or not, you will be disappointed. It is only feasible to make the assertion that WAP is or is not 'secure enough' for a particular application when you understand the security requirements of that application, the environment in which that application is to be deployed, the likelihood that the application will be subject to attempts to compromise its security, and the nature of the attempts that are likely to be made. Even then the statement is only valid until something changes in the environment, or someone discovers a new security exposure in the network, the environment, the technologies used or the platform on which the application is deployed.

This paper investigates the facilities and technologies that WAP has to offer for building and deploying secure applications. The presentation itself draws on the WAP Security chapter of the Wrox book "Professional WAP", and is intended to pick out some of the highlights from the book. The presentation, and this paper, do not necessarily provide a full treatment of the subject, or explain all of the concepts in detail; for that information you will need to read the book.

We are going to begin the investigation of the topic of security with a discussion of what security is about and why it matters. In this section we will investigate: The importance of security in mobile applications . The role of security in protecting data and systems .The basic issues which security solutions of all types need to address

Security has an obvious role to play with regard to m-commerce and the ability to secure transactions. Most people are aware of the need for securing information such as credit card numbers, but the need for security in both the wired and wireless environments is much broader than that.

At the moment, information often has a commercial value. Many dot-com organizations make money through the sale or re-sale of information. This is not a new phenomenon — newspapers have been doing it for centuries — but the new channels for this kind of commercial activity have lowered the barriers to entry and increased the amount (and hence the value) of the information available.

Information can also be sensitive. There are many reasons why this may be the case, ranging from a justifiable desire for privacy to information that is sensitive on a national security level. Sometimes the sensitivity comes from the content of the information, at other times the timing of the information. For example, it is unacceptable to allow some stock market investors to become aware of an impending profits warning from a company before others, so the information is regarded as sensitive until it is published formally to all investors.

The power associated with information must also not be underrated. Some organizations have legal obligations to safeguard certain items of information. In some cases divisions within organizations are subject to similar constraints. There are many examples of information that are intrinsically powerful, for example, information about military weapons.

Along with all of the sensitivity that naturally accompanies information, there is a growing need to communicate digitally, because of the speed and convenience of doing so. However, in certain ways these digital communications are more vulnerable to compromise. Two major weaknesses in digital communications arise from the fact that it is notoriously easy to intercept digital messages, and the fact that it is notoriously difficult to establish identity conclusively in an online environment.

All of this leads us to two inevitable conclusions that drive the need for robust security implementations: computer systems are critical to the operation of almost every society on earth; and computer systems are very vulnerable to abuse.

There is large variety of wireless devices available in market. Wireless Communication Devices are increasing day by day. Wireless manufacturers and R&D companies are spending more and more money on research and development on wireless devices. They are trying to connect each and every electronic and electric device through wireless. Some wireless devices are

Some years ago wireless devices prices was very high and was not affordable by individuals or general public. Because small no of devices was available, only small number of Manufactures were include in research and development of wireless devices. With the passage of time people knowing that wireless communication is cheap and easy way to communicate. So large number of manufacturers have start research on wireless devices. Wireless devices prices are reducing day by day, due to latest technologies and industrial competition.

With the increment of wireless devices revolution, the availability of wireless devices has increased. Large no of wireless devices easily available in markets, not in all markets but in medium level markets these devices are easily available. Today our big markets are full with wireless devices. The sale of wireless is also increasing with the passage of time. Every one wants to communicate through wireless and every want to install modern wireless networks.

There are so many companies who are manufacturing so many products of wireless like. These companies are also in high competition.

Due to the scope of the field new companies are entering in the field their main business is not the manufacturing of these devices but the companies are taking keen interest in these products.

Presently the company Hyundai entered in the field its basic business is car manufacturing but due to high return the company has entered in the wireless communication as well.

Wireless communication systems are operated by several companies. There are few biggest companies including

In the present century the advancement of technology is at peak. New technologies are introducing day by day. Wireless Communication is the modern shape of physical wire communication Medias. Due to the scope of the wireless communication new companies are entering in the field of wireless communication their main business is not the manufacturing of wireless devices but the companies are taking keen interest in wireless products. The research and development on wireless devices is also at peak. Challenges for the companies are the production of new wireless devices and other challenge is with low prices. From above information we can conclude that the Research and Development companies are performing well in producing new wireless technologies at low prices. Security is main problem in wireless communication but now a day wireless communication is going toward secure communication media. With the expansion of internet and mobiles the usage of Wireless Medias has increased. In this way the future of wireless communication is to much bright, and in future each and every thing will be connected with wireless devices or channels. Landing on moon was impossible without wireless. That was wireless communication which makes it easy.

1. http://www.asp.net.com